1165–1223 · King of France and leader of the Third Crusade
Philip Augustus
Other names · Philip II Augustus
King of France who took part in the capture of Acre in 1191, then returned home to pursue his rivalry with Richard.
BIOGRAPHICAL DOSSIER
Life and historical role
Life and political setting
Philip became king of France in 1180 and concentrated on enlarging the royal domain of the Capetian monarchy. His relationship with Richard combined alliance and rivalry. The two rulers agreed to travel east together in 1190, but their unresolved interests in France continued to shape cooperation during the expedition.
Role in the Crusades
Philip took part in the final stage of the siege of Acre, which ended with the city's surrender in July 1191. Citing illness and the Flemish succession, he returned to France soon afterwards. He left part of his force under the duke of Burgundy, while his departure deepened political tension with Richard.
Biographical information is linked to the sources shown on the page and to the connected event records. Disputed dates are given as approximate, gaps are not filled by conjecture, and later literary or visual depictions are not treated as contemporary portraits.